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Welding Neck Flanges are distinguished from the other types by their long tapered
hub and gentle transition of thickness into the region of the butt weld joining the flange
to the pipe. The long tapered hub provides an important reinforcement of the flange
proper from the standpoint of strength and resistance to dishing. The smooth transition
from flange thickness to pipe wall thickness affected by the taper is extremely
beneficial under conditions of repeat bending, caused by line expansion or other
variable forces, equivalent to that of a butt welded pipes, which, in practice, is the same as that of non welded pipe.
Thus this type of flange is preferred for every severe service condition. These may results from high pressure or from sub-zero or elevated temperature, and whether loading conditions are substantially constant or fluctuate between wide limits.
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