Cardinal numbers
Ordinal numbers
Indefinite numbers
Fractions and decimal numbers
Age
Dates and times
A complete list of the Polish numbers (Cardinal and Ordinal), you find
at this external page.
Cardinal numbers:
They are declined as adjectives.
One (jeden, jedna, jedno)
| Singular: Masculine | Singular: Feminine | Singular: Neuter | Plural: Non-men | Plural: Men | |
| Nominative | jeden | jedna | jedno | jedne | jedni |
| Accusative | jeden (for things)
jednego (for creatures) |
jedną | jedno | jedne | jednych |
| Genitive | jednego | jednej | jednego | jednych | jednych |
| Locative | jednym | jednej | jednym | jednych | jednych |
| Instrumental | jednym | jedną | jednym | jednymi | jednymi |
| Dative | jednemu | jednej | jednemu | jednym | jednym |
Two (dwa, dwie, dwa):
For persons of mixed gender, children and young animals, one uses dwoje.
The same applies to objects that don't have a singular form.
| Masculine (men) | Masculine (non men) and neuter | Feminine | Mixed | |
| Nominative | dwaj | dwa | dwie | dwoje |
| Accusative | dwóch | dwa | dwie | dwoje |
| Genitive | dwóch | dwóch | dwóch | dwojga |
| Locative | dwóch | dwóch | dwóch | dwojgu |
| Instrumental | dwoma | dwoma | dwiema | dwojgiem |
| Dative | dwom | dwom | dwom | dwojgu |
Three (trzy) and four (cztery):
For persons of mixed gender, children and young animals, one uses troje
(czworo). The same applies to objects that don't have a singular form.
| 3: men | 3: other | 3: mixed | 4: men | 4: other | 4:mixed | |
| Nominative | trzej (trzech) | trzy | troje | czterej (czterech) | cztery | czworo |
| Accusative | trzech | trzy | troje | czterech | cztery | czworo |
| Genitive | trzech | trzech | trojga | czterech | czterech | czworga |
| Locative | trzech | trzech | trojgu | czterech | czterech | czworgu |
| Instrumental | trzema | trzema | trojgiem | czterema | czterema | czworgiem |
| Dative | trzem | trzem | trojgu | czterem | czterem | czworgu |
Five (pięć) and onwards:
These numbers are, in the nominative and accusative case) only declined
when they refer to men. There is only one declination for these numbers.
In Polish all numbers from 5 onwards are treated as quantities. This means
that a number in the nominative, accusative or genitive case always refers
to a noun in the genitive case.
The instrumental case has an alternative ending for numbers 5-90. This
replaces the u with oma:
pięcioma, cześcioma, dziewięcioma, etc...
Numbers consisting of up to 3 elements, decline each unit. Exception:
jeden is never declined when not alone. Numbers of more than 3 elements
decline usually only the last two units. But there is also the possibility
to decline all elements.
| 5 pięciu | 10 dziesięciu | 15 piętnastu |
| 6 cześciu | 11 jedenastu | 16 szesnastu |
| 7 siedmiu | 12 dwunastu | 17 siedemnastu |
| 8 ośmiu | 13 trzynastu | 18 osiemnastu |
| 9 dziewięciu | 14 czternastu | 19 dziewiętnastu |
| 20 dwudziestu | 80 osiemdziesięciu | 500 pięciuset |
| 30 trzydziestu | 90 dziewięćdziesięciu | 600 sześciuset |
| 40 czterdziestu | 100 stu | 700 siedmiuset |
| 50 pięćdziesięciu | 200 dwustu | 800 ośmiuset |
| 60 sześćdziesięciu | 300 trzystu | 900 dziewięciuset |
| 70 siedemdziesięciu | 400 czterystu |
Thousand (tysiąc) and million (milion):
They are declined as nouns and are always followed by a noun in the
genitive case. Nevertheless they only take a singular verb.
| singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| Nominative | tysiąc | tysiące | milion | miliony |
| Accusative | tysiąc | tysiące | milion | miliony |
| Genitive | tysiąca | tysiący | milion | milionów |
| Locative | tysiącu | tysiącach | milionie | milionach |
| Instrumental | tysiącem | tysiącami | milionem | milionami |
| Dative | tysiącowi | tysiącom | milionowi | milionom |
Ordinal numbers:
These are declined as adjectives.
Indefinite numbers:
Such numbers in the nominative, accusative and genitive case the following
noun has to be in the genitive case. The verb follows in singular. There
are two possible endings for the instrumental case.
| 11-19 | 20-90 | 100-900 | a few | several | many | so many | how many | |
| Nom / Acc (men) |
kilkunastu | kilkudziesięciu | kilkuset | paru | kilku | wielu | tylu | ilu |
| Nom / Acc (others) |
kilkanaście | kilkadziesiąt | kilkaset | parę | kilka | wiele | tyle | ile |
| Gen/Loc/Dat | kilkunastu | kilkudziesięciu | kilkuset | paru | kilku | wielu | tylu | ilu |
| Ins | kilkunastu kilkunastoma |
kilkudziesięciu kilkudziesięcioma |
kilkuset | paru paroma |
kilku kilkoma |
wielu wieloma |
tylu tyloma |
ilu iloma |
Fractions and decimal numbers:
They consist of a cardinal number followed by an ordinal number which
is declined as an adjective. These expressions are feminine. Any noun to
which this number is referred to stands in the genitive case.
Important: In the Polish language one uses the comma as the decimal
point.
e.g.:
half = pół (this is not declineable) or połowa (what
is a noun)
third = jedna trzecia
two thirds = dwie trzecie
0.1 0,1 = jedna dziesiąta
0.5 0,5 = pięć dziesiątych
Age:
To express how old some one is you have to say that this person got ... years.
The plural of rok (year) is lata (summers).
Mam dwadziestu pięciu laty. (I'm 25 years old)
Dates and times:
The day, the month and year stand in the genitive case. While in the
year only the last two digits are declined.
The clock time is expressed with the ordinal number plus the words godzina
(hour) and minuta (minute). Both are female.
You would say:
"at what hour?"
"it's the 8th hour and 20 minutes"
Godzina and minuta are usually omitted.