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Numerals


  Cardinal numbers  Ordinal numbers  Indefinite numbers  Fractions and decimal numbers  Age  Dates and times

A complete list of the Polish numbers (Cardinal and Ordinal), you find at this external page.

Cardinal numbers:
They are declined as adjectives.

One (jeden, jedna, jedno)
Singular: Masculine Singular: Feminine Singular: Neuter Plural: Non-men Plural: Men
Nominative jeden jedna jedno jedne jedni
Accusative jeden (for things)
jednego (for creatures)
jedną jedno jedne jednych
Genitive jednego jednej jednego jednych jednych
Locative jednym jednej jednym jednych jednych
Instrumental jednym jedną jednym jednymi jednymi
Dative jednemu jednej jednemu jednym jednym
Actually there is no accusative form for Masculine creatures (men, animals, etc.), so the genitive is used instead.

Two (dwa, dwie, dwa):
For persons of mixed gender, children and young animals, one uses dwoje. The same applies to objects that don't have a singular form.
Masculine (men) Masculine (non men) and neuter Feminine Mixed
Nominative dwaj dwa dwie dwoje
Accusative dwóch dwa dwie dwoje
Genitive dwóch dwóch dwóch dwojga
Locative dwóch dwóch dwóch dwojgu
Instrumental dwoma dwoma dwiema dwojgiem
Dative dwom dwom dwom dwojgu

Three (trzy) and four (cztery):
For persons of mixed gender, children and young animals, one uses troje (czworo). The same applies to objects that don't have a singular form.
3: men 3: other 3: mixed 4: men 4: other 4:mixed
Nominative trzej (trzech) trzy troje czterej (czterech) cztery czworo
Accusative trzech trzy troje czterech cztery czworo
Genitive trzech trzech trojga czterech czterech czworga
Locative trzech trzech trojgu czterech czterech czworgu
Instrumental trzema trzema trojgiem czterema czterema czworgiem
Dative trzem trzem trojgu czterem czterem czworgu
There are two different forms for the men nominative case: The 1st requires the verb being in plural. While the 2nd version (which usually is used in colloquial Polish) demands a verb in singular but the noun has to be in the genitive case.

Five (pięć) and onwards:
These numbers are, in the nominative and accusative case) only declined when they refer to men. There is only one declination for these numbers. In Polish all numbers from 5 onwards are treated as quantities. This means that a number in the nominative, accusative or genitive case always refers to a noun in the genitive case.
The instrumental case has an alternative ending for numbers 5-90. This replaces the u with oma:
pięcioma, cześcioma, dziewięcioma, etc...
Numbers consisting of up to 3 elements, decline each unit. Exception: jeden is never declined when not alone. Numbers of more than 3 elements decline usually only the last two units. But there is also the possibility to decline all elements.
 
5 pięciu 10 dziesięciu 15 piętnastu
6 cześciu 11 jedenastu 16 szesnastu
7 siedmiu 12 dwunastu 17 siedemnastu
8 ośmiu 13 trzynastu 18 osiemnastu
9 dziewięciu 14 czternastu 19 dziewiętnastu
20 dwudziestu 80 osiemdziesięciu 500 pięciuset
30 trzydziestu 90 dziewięćdziesięciu 600 sześciuset
40 czterdziestu 100 stu 700 siedmiuset
50 pięćdziesięciu 200 dwustu 800 ośmiuset
60 sześćdziesięciu 300 trzystu 900 dziewięciuset
70 siedemdziesięciu 400 czterystu

Thousand (tysiąc) and million (milion):
They are declined as nouns and are always followed by a noun in the genitive case. Nevertheless they only take a singular verb.
 
singular plural singular plural
Nominative tysiąc tysiące milion miliony
Accusative tysiąc tysiące milion miliony
Genitive tysiąca tysiący milion milionów
Locative tysiącu tysiącach milionie milionach
Instrumental tysiącem tysiącami milionem milionami
Dative tysiącowi tysiącom milionowi milionom

Ordinal numbers:
These are declined as adjectives.

Indefinite numbers:
Such numbers in the nominative, accusative and genitive case the following noun has to be in the genitive case. The verb follows in singular. There are two possible endings for the instrumental case.
11-19 20-90 100-900 a few several many so many how many
Nom / Acc
(men)
kilkunastu kilkudziesięciu kilkuset paru kilku wielu tylu ilu
Nom / Acc
(others)
kilkanaście kilkadziesiąt kilkaset parę kilka wiele tyle ile
Gen/Loc/Dat kilkunastu kilkudziesięciu kilkuset paru kilku wielu tylu ilu
Ins kilkunastu
kilkunastoma
kilkudziesięciu
kilkudziesięcioma
kilkuset paru
paroma
kilku
kilkoma
wielu
wieloma
tylu
tyloma
ilu
iloma

Fractions and decimal numbers:
They consist of a cardinal number followed by an ordinal number which is declined as an adjective. These expressions are feminine. Any noun to which this number is referred to stands in the genitive case.
Important: In the Polish language one uses the comma as the decimal point.
e.g.:
half = pół (this is not declineable) or połowa (what is a noun)
third = jedna trzecia
two thirds = dwie trzecie
0.1 0,1 = jedna dziesiąta
0.5 0,5 = pięć dziesiątych

Age:
To express how old some one is you have to say that this person got ... years.
The plural of rok (year) is lata (summers).
Mam dwadziestu pięciu laty. (I'm 25 years old)

Dates and times:
The day, the month and year stand in the genitive case. While in the year only the last two digits are declined.

The clock time is expressed with the ordinal number plus the words godzina (hour) and minuta (minute). Both are female.
You would say:
"at what hour?"
"it's the 8th hour and 20 minutes"
Godzina and minuta are usually omitted.


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